Lab tests showed it made rats eat less, and an unpublished study suggested the same was true for humans, according to the new report. Phytopharm then struck a deal with the U. So Unilever picked up. In their trial, Unilever researchers randomly assigned 49 healthy, overweight women to one of two groups.
Both groups stayed at a clinic and were given two servings of yogurt a day for 15 days. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Request Appointment. Healthy Lifestyle Weight loss.
Products and services. Free E-newsletter Subscribe to Housecall Our general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide variety of health topics. Sign up now. Is hoodia an effective appetite suppressant? Answer From Brent A. With Brent A. Show references Esteghamati A, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of obesity: A critical review. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. The tension of the myometrial rings was measured with a gauge transducer SG; Experimetria Ltd.
Areas under the curves AUCs of 5-min periods were evaluated; the effect of the Hoodia preparation was expressed as percentages of the spontaneous and KCl-induced contractions preceding the administration of the tested substance.
Unpaired t -test was used for statistical evaluation of the presence of propranolol. All calculations and statistical analyses were performed with Prism 5.
Differences in peak heights and areas can be explained with the dissimilarity of extraction methods in the product's leaflet there was no referral to the extraction method applied. As other Hoodia species contain the same constituents, but in different ratios, the chance that Hoodia species other than H. In the chromatogram of the product, few other peaks occurred, possibly due to additives present in the spray, such as Mentha piperita. Regarding the colors and retention factors of the detected spots, HPTLC analysis not shown also confirmed the similarity of the product and the plant extract.
Amphetamine, methamphetamine, sibutramine, and ephedrine were not detected in the product. The product was also tested for P57 by mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring MRM mode. In our experiments, P57, a characteristic compound of Hoodia , was chosen for mass spectrometric identification. LiCl 3 was added to the sample, to enhance sensitivity. All of these transitions have been reported in the literature for P57 [ 27 ].
Since cardiovascular side effects have been reported for H. In the presented set of in vitro organ bath experiments, the myometrial effects of the H. The product elicited a marked and concentration-dependent relaxation against both spontaneous and stimulated contractions. The inhibition of spontaneous contractility was significantly decreased in the presence of propranolol Figure 2. The relaxation of KCl-stimulated uteri was not modified in the presence of propranolol.
The relaxing effect of the spray was substantially less pronounced on uteri from late-pregnant animals, but propranolol significantly modified it. The gestation-dependent alteration in the myometrial action of substances acting on the sympathetic system could be explained by the changes in the receptor function during pregnancy. Effects of Hoodia spray on spontaneous a and c and KCl-stimulated b and d contractility of uterine rings from nonpregnant a and b and late-pregnant c and d animals.
Our results support the cardiovascular side effects reported in a human clinical trial. As we have shown, Hoodia spray possesses sympathomimetic effects, which can manifest in both appetite suppression and increased thermogenesis, resulting in weight loss [ 29 , 30 ]. Moreover, in the experiments performed in the US patent application, increased water consumption was recorded during feeding studies, which is a well-known effect of sympathomimetic agents, let alone the side effects, elucidated in the human clinical trial [ 17 ].
Chemical composition of Hoodia is not yet fully mapped. In the literature, primarily pregnane glycosides are in the focus; however, other potentially active constituents with sympathomimetic activity may also be present in the plant. Sympathomimetic agents as amphetamine derivatives or sibutramine are effective in weight management, but due to their serious cardiovascular side effects, they were withdrawn from the market.
In the case of H. We have shown for the first time that a H. Due to the frequent adulteration of food supplements, we also tested the Hoodia spray product for the presence of some frequently used adulterants having sympathomimetic property. Our experiments revealed that the analyzed product did contain Hoodia species extract and was void of known adulterants with sympathomimetic activity amphetamine, methamphetamine, sibutramine, and ephedrine.
Considering the large number of Hoodia -containing products in the market, the presented data should be regarded alarming, due to possible cardiovascular side effects of these supplements. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U.
Journal List Biomed Res Int v. Biomed Res Int. Published online Nov 6. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Abstract Hoodia gordonii , a popular appetite suppressant, is widely used as an ingredient in many food supplements despite the fact that supporting scientific evidence is scarce. Materials and Methods 2. In Vitro Organ Bath Studies Uteri were removed from nonpregnant rats in the estrus phase and from pregnant rats on day 22 of gestation. Results and Discussion 3. Open in a separate window. Figure 1. TLC Analyses for Adulterants Amphetamine, methamphetamine, sibutramine, and ephedrine were not detected in the product.
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